Miss Burton has moved after three and half years in the same role at Pumpherston and Uphall Station Community Primary School (PUSCPS), and will play a key part in establishing the new state-of-the-art £14.7 million school.
Calderwood Primary is expected to be open to pupils from October this year, with arrangements in place for nearby schools to temporarily host Calderwood classes from the start of the new term in August.
Prior to her time as Headteacher at PUSCPS, Sarah also worked as depute Headteacher of Mid Calder Primary School and as a Development Officer for Education Scotland, working on the Scottish Schools National Intranet, Glow.
Sarah Burton said: "It's a huge honour to be appointed as the first ever Headteacher of Calderwood Primary School.
"I'm excited by all the many opportunities of setting up a new school, in a superb new modern building, specially designed for education.
"I would like to thank all the parents/carers who made me feel so welcome at recent online meetings. I'm really looking forward to building positive relations with you all, as we create a supportive, innovative and inclusive school community together."
Executive councillor for education David Dodds said: "I'm delighted to welcome Sarah Burton to the prestigious role of Calderwood's first Headteacher. Her strong track record and vision for the school made her the ideal candidate for the job.
"The £14.7 million investment in a superb new Calderwood primary school is part of a massive £144 million education investment programme planned by West Lothian Council over the next seven years, to ensure our learning estate remains one of the best in Scotland."